Przeniesiony zespół Münchausena – sposoby indukowania objawów chorobowych u dzieci

Tomasz Janus

Abstrakt


Przeniesiony zespół Münchausena został opisany w 1977 roku przez brytyjskiego pediatrę Roya Meadowa w artykule Munchausen syndrome by proxy. The hinterland of child abuse. Autor opisał dwa przypadki intencjonalnego manipulowania wywiadem chorobowym, a także fabrykowania wyników badań diagnostycznych przez opiekuna w celu wzbudzenia u personelu medycznego podejrzenia choroby somatycznej dziecka. W artykule Meadow podkreślał, że poszukiwanie przez lekarzy źródła przyczyn objawów chorobowych występujących u dzieci wiązało się z wieloma potencjalnie szkodliwymi procedurami diagnostyczno-terapeutycznymi, w tym zabiegami przeprowadzonymi w trzech różnych ośrodkach klinicznych. Jedno dziecko, przewlekle zatruwane solą kuchenną przez matkę, zmarło. W niniejszym artykule przeanalizowano wykorzystywane przez opiekunów metody intencjonalnie pogorszające stan zdrowia dziecka w celu poddania go procedurom diagnostycznym i leczniczym. Do analizy włączono 68 artykułów, zarówno polskich, jak i zagranicznych, zawierających opisy 100 przypadków przeniesionego zespołu Münchausena. W analizie wykazano, że opiekunowie mogą stosować różnorodne, często wymyślne i bardzo złożone sposoby indukowania objawów chorobowych, a jedynymi ograniczeniami wydają się być są motywacja, fantazja, wiedza i doświadczenie sprawcy.

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Bibliografia


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